Debt-to-Income Ratios
August 30, 2008 – 12:18 pm
The lenders use few guidelines in order to know the maximum mortgage amount that one can afford. These guidelines are known as Debt-to-income ratios. A percentage of the gross monthly income is used to pay the debts that occur monthly, here monthly income is that portion of the income from which the tax not yet being deducted. In this case two ratios are considered the housing ratio and the debt –to-income ratio which are the “front end” ratio and the “back end” ratio. The general format to denote these two ratios are 33/38.
In these two debts the auto and the life insurance are not taken under consideration. The cost price of the house along with the principal, rates, taxes, insurance, insurance on mortgage and fees of the homeowners association are paid with the front ratio. The portion of the salary (before the taxes) which is used to pay the above expenditures is known as the front end ratio. In the same way the back end ratio includes all the above expenditures along with the monthly consumer debt. The payment that is made for car, debt due to credit cards, installments paid for loans and few expenses of the same nature comes under consumer debt.
Generally followed guideline for the debt-to-income ratios is 33/38. 33 % of the total monthly income (before tax) is used for the house loan. If the housing cost and the consumer debt to the housing cost are summed up then also it should not rise above 38 % of the monthly income.
These are very flexible guidelines. The rigidity of the guidelines depends on the amount of down payment one makes and also on the credit he has. The guidelines become rigid if one makes a low amount of down payment. If there is a marginal credit then also the guidelines becomes rigid. If one can afford to pay large amount of down payment then the flexibility of the guidelines increases. The natures of the guidelines are also dependent on the type of loan program. The guidelines vary with the type of the loan program. According to the FHA guideline the ratio should be 29/41 on the other hand in the VA guideline there is no indication of front ratio at all but there is an indication of the back ratio i.e. 41.
Let me explain the above guideline with the help of an example. Suppose an individual earns $10000 each month. Then according to the 33/38 ratio guidelines his monthly housing cost would be $ 3300 and the maximum debt-to-income ratio should not exceed $3800.

